Bioinformatics

Cardiovascular disease Heart injuries cause reduction in pumping function of heart. Heart failure has been reported to promote the accumulation of DNA damage in cardiac tissue and visceral fat which aggravates in systemic resistance in insulin and inflammation of adipose tissue. Too much lipolysis associated with sympathetic nervous system activation causes increase in oxidative stress which leads to DNA lesions and inflammation of adipose tissue through signaling of p53. Inflammation of Adipose tissue inhibits through p53 deletion can stop metabolic defects and cardiac dysfunction which indicates that a there exists a feedback loop between the fat tissue and heart. Another study has suggested an association between diabetes and vascular function. Endothelial p53 expression has noticeably upregulated when mice fed with a diet high in calories because increased DNA lesions associated with these metabolic stresses. Endothelial p53 activation leads to improvement of insulin resistan...

With the increase in biological and medical data it has become necessary for medical and bioinformaticians to have some automated approaches to identify different patterns it their data, so as to predict or have some useful information. Many applications have been described above for genetic algorithm, along with these applications GA has been applied in protein structure prediction, RNA structure prediction and Motif finding. Basic steps of GA are almost same in many applications but it requires expertise, parameters and involves a huge number of randomness and can provide different results in outcomes.      Applications of Genetic Algorithm in medicine Oncology Screening tests suggests a valuable chance cancer detection at early stages, which when keep an eye on by proper handling could recover the patient’s survival rate. Developing a non-invasive procedure for the detection of cervical cancer, Duraipandian et al, using colposcopy developed Raman spectra ...

ROS is a major endogenous DNA damage causing source and 8-oxo-dG adduct have been mostly studied. Lipid peroxidation derived aldehydes are also risk to DNA. Different adducts produced are malondialdehyde-, propano- and etheno- consequent DNA adducts. Despite of lipid peroxidation and oxygen products, cells also carries many other reactive molecule specie that can be a basis of DNA damage, such as methylating agents. 7-methyl-guanine, 7-(2-hydroxyethyl) guanine, O6-methyl-guanine, O4-methylthymine, and, 3-methyladenine, of which O6-methylguanine is the major cause of mutations, all of these are most important adducts for DNA damage. High frequency of DNA damage occurs due to endogenous factors in contrast with exogenous damages. The high rate of endogenous DNA damage is related with a competent damage repair, important for the survival of a cell. Most of the DNA damage of endogenous nature is fixed up by BER pathway, mismatch repair and O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase. Dissoc...